| 1. | The first of these limitations was the obsession of the greek mind by the idea of the city as the ultimate state .
这些局限的第一项是希腊人在心理上把城邦作为国家的最终形式的成见。 |
| 2. | Secondly , the failure mode of bottom plates for finite element calculation is put forward based on the definition of ultimate states
其次，依据极限状态的定义，给出了适用于有限元计算的底板失效模式。 |
| 3. | When the reinforcement is suitable , the yield state of member is similar , the ultimate state will change with the changes of p , fy and fc
但上述冈素对截面极限曲率的影响很人，即关系到构件截面的破坏形态（截面延性比的大小） 。 |
| 4. | As a result , it is an urgent engineering problem to determine load level on asphalt pavements scientificly and to research ultimate state design method of asphalt pavement structures
因此,科学地确定沥青路面结构荷载等级,研究沥青路面结构极限状态设计方法成为工程中迫切需要解决的问题。 |
| 5. | When the whole structure is loaded twice , the strain of new parts lag behind that of the old , so that the new parts cannot reach ultimate state when damaged
这样整个结构在二次荷载下，新加部分的应变将滞后于原构件总的应变水平。破坏时，新加部分将可能达不到自身的极限状态，其潜力得不到发挥。 |
| 6. | Therefore , studies on analysis and design method of cement concrete pavements in ultimate states based on actual composition of road traffic and temperature conditions become more important
因此,根据公路实际的交通组成和温度状况,研究水泥混凝土路面结构极限状态的分析和设计方法成为迫切需要解决的问题。 |
| 7. | Based on the conception that the simple beam rotates rigidly around the plastic hinge in the middle when the beam is at the ultimate state of anti - bending capacity , the formula for calculating the stress in the external tendons and the ultimate anti - bending capacity of the beam were developed
摘要在承载能力极限状态下，可把简支梁的跨中区段视为1个等曲率塑性铰（塑性区段） ，其余梁段可视为直线并处于绕塑性铰刚性转动的位置。 |
| 8. | Since the common loads had little effects to the relative displacement of top floor in cshbb , so it was unnecessary to considering them in normal use ultimate state . thermal effects had no influence to the resist compression bearing capacity and resist shear bearing capacity , but had great
温度作用对砌体结构的抗压和抗剪承载能力没有影响，但对砌体结构的顶层山墙和外纵墙的弯曲抗拉承载能力起控制作用，需要考虑温度作用和荷载的组合问题。 |
| 9. | Abstract : the relations between prestressed reinforcements in two directions and the total balance loading of unbonded prestressed dual concrete slabs are established in the present paper based on the analysis of projects , in which the structural cost is optimized satisfying the requirements of the service state , the ultimate state and constructions
文摘:本文在对无粘结预应力双向板两个方向平衡荷载分配方案分析的基础上，建立了以两个方向预应力筋面积与总平衡荷载的关系式，在满足极限状态、正常使用极限状态和构造要求的条件下，使结构的造价达到最佳。 |
| 10. | The corbel ' s dimension should be ascertained as the manipulative condition of diagonal section . the amount of longitudinal reinforcement be ascertained on the basis of the flexure model , is obtained according to static for balance condition , the calculative expression of the load is obtained . and in terms of the design method in ultimate state the maximum load
我国规范对于牛腿的设计规定，牛腿尺寸的确定以斜截面抗裂作为控制条件，纵筋用量的确定以弯压破坏模型为基础，根据静力平衡条件得到承载力的计算公式，按照极限状态设计方法计算得到，箍筋用量则按照构造要求确定。 |
